The correct option is A
The bureaucracy is necessarily hierarchical, first because of the iron law of the oligarchy and secondly because the bureaucracy grows adding more subordinate layers. As in the absence of a market there is no genuine proof of "merit" in government service to consumers, in a bureaucracy limited by rules, the hierarchy is often used as representative of merit. Increasing the hierarchy leads therefore to the promotion to the highest levels, while the expanded budgets take the form of multiplication of levels of ranks under you and expand your income and power. The bureaucratic growth takes place, therefore, multiplying the levels of the bureaucracy.
The answer is “he states that it spread from the middle east” , because first he talks about florence, italy :)
To quote the witch in Snow White "Who's the fittest of them all?" Who but those who think they are powerful enough to occupy colonies who supply raw materials to be shaped into manufactured articles, to be sold back to the colonies?
That is the definition of imperialism. It is the colonization by force of those unable to prevent the colonization. Imperialism is the creation of an empire by colonizing people that can't prevent their own subjugation.
Does that not sound like survival of the fittest to you?
Exports are goods and services that are produced in one country and sold to buyers in another. Exports, along with imports, make up international trade.
Answer:
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev[e] (born 2 March 1931) is a Russian and former Soviet politician. The eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union, he was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991. He was also the country's head of state from 1988 until 1991, serving as the chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1988 to 1989, chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1989 to 1990, and president of the Soviet Union from 1990 to 1991. Ideologically, Gorbachev initially adhered to Marxism–Leninism, although he had moved towards social democracy by the early 1990s.
