Cytoskeletal filaments provide the basis for cell movement. For instance, cilia and (eukaryotic) flagella move as a result of microtubules sliding along each other. In fact, cross sections of these tail-like cellular extensions show organized arrays of microtubules.
The cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells is made of filamentous proteins, and it provides mechanical support to the cell and its cytoplasmic constituents. All cytoskeletons consist of three major classes of elements that differ in size and in protein composition.
Microtubules are the largest type of filament, with a diameter of about 25 nanometers (nm), and they are composed of a protein called tubulin. Actin filaments are the smallest type, with a diameter of only about 6 nm, and they are made of a protein called actin. Intermediate filaments, as their name suggests, are mid-sized, with a diameter of about 10 nm. Unlike actin filaments and microtubules, intermediate filaments are constructed from a number of different subunit proteins.
The cytoskeleton is a structure that helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization, and it also provides mechanical support that enables cells to carry out essential functions like division and movement.
To learn more about cytoskeleton here
brainly.com/question/17543212
#SPJ4
Answer:
pests can evolve defenses against pesticides over time
Explanation:
Pesticides are chemicals employed to kill pests generally. With continuous and indiscriminate use of pesticides, they become less effective because pests population often evolve a defense mechanism against them.
<em>With each usage, more and more pest population survive. Those that survive gradually multiply and pass the survival gene to their offspring eventually giving rise to a population that is genetically insusceptible to the effects of the pesticide. This is generally referred to as evolution by natural selection.</em>
<span>She should begin by collecting data related to his respiratory system. Due to his chest issues, she needs more information on this particular system. This is a episodic database for a limited short term problem, it is different from a complete database that includes a full physical exam and a full health history.</span>
The atmosphere of Antarctica is left out of the Antarctic Treaty System. thus option B is correct.
<h3>What is the purpose of the Antarctic Treaty system?</h3>
They are: to foster international scientific cooperation in Antarctica; to put aside territorial sovereignty conflicts; to demilitarize Antarctica, establish it as a zone free from nuclear tests and the disposal of radioactive waste, and ensure that it is utilized only for peaceful purposes.
By mandating that Antarctica could only be used for peaceful purposes, the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS) protects Antarctic soil. Even while the ATS is a robust piece of legislation designed to safeguard scientists, visitors, and Antarctica's natural resources, it does not provide any protection for the region's atmosphere. "The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty" is the piece of legislation that governs how Antarctica's atmosphere should be treated.
Learn more about the Antarctic treaty system here:
brainly.com/question/10272695
#SPJ1
Gender, age and body weight are the three factors.
<h3>What are the effects of gender, age and body weight on energy expenditure?</h3>
Body weight:
Energy consumption while at rest is determined by body size and weight. Due to the higher maintenance costs associated with a larger body, a heavier person has a higher resting energy requirement. The most unpredictable part of overall energy expenditure is activity-induced energy expenditure. Since larger subjects' activity energy expenditure is not higher in proportion to the expense of moving with a higher body weight, smaller and leaner subjects often move more. As a result of changes in body size and body composition, eating causes variations in energy expenditure.
Gender:
In comparison to girls of the same size and age, adult males frequently have 10–20 percent more muscle mass. Because muscle burns more calories than fat, men have greater basal metabolic rates (BMR). As a result, men need 5–10% more energy than women.
Age:
Compared to adults, children and adolescents require more energy for growth and development. As people age, their body composition changes and their energy needs decrease, resulting in a decrease in BMR. As people age, many of them become less active.
Learn more about BMR here:
brainly.com/question/15291051
#SPJ4
