The statement read as "Savages we call them because their manners differ from ours, which we think [are perfect, and] they think the same of theirs . . . . Our laborious manner of life, compared with theirs, they [think] slavish and [inferior]; and the learning, on which we value ourselves, they regard as frivolous and useless."
The cultural difference between eighteenth-century Americans and native peoples that Franklin noted in this statement is "Being vs Doing."
Here, the eighteenth-century Americans are the High Doing Orientated societies while the native peoples are the Being Orientated societies.
This is based on the fact that High Doing Orientated societies believed in schooling and education and have a ‘can-do’ attitude towards success. while the Being Orientated societies only care about appreciating and knowing the world instead of finding means to make it better, or exploit it. This is reflected when noted that "Our laborious manner of life, compared with theirs, they [think] slavish and [inferior]; and the learning, on which we value ourselves, they regard as frivolous and useless."
Hence the answer is the cultural difference between eighteenth-century Americans and native peoples that Franklin noted in this statement is "Being vs Doing."
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