On April 22, 1915, German forces shock Allied soldiers along the western front by firing more than 150 tons of lethal chlorine gas against two French colonial divisions at Ypres, Belgium. This was the first major gas attack by the Germans, and it devastated the Allied line.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/germans-introduce-poison-gas
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It granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States including former slaves, and guaranteed all citizens “ equal protection of the laws”
The middle east is the birthplace of two major world religions, Islam and Judaism. The middle east is also a very important area throughout the Bible, the book of Christianity.