<span>Magnitude. Intensity depends on the distance from the focus, but magnitude does not.</span>
Mountain effect refers to the windward side of the mountain receiving precipitation. It is also the effect of rough terrain on radio-wave propagation. Thus, it caused reflections that produce errors in radio direction-finder indications.
Why might a post classical civilization want to conquer Egypt and the Nile River Valley? It's fertile land provided the foundation for the first human civilizations and its access to the Persian Gulf and location between Europe, Asia, and Africa made it a center of trade.
The light comes in at an angle and turns upside down. Our eyes do the same thing but our brains are smart enough for it to turn the image again.
The answer is Crude birth rate