C) populism
For future reference: an easy way to remember the causes is to use the acronym MAIN (as in the MAIN causes) to remember that they are militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism.
Hope this helps :)
Thriving cities, wealthy merchant class, classical heritage of Greek and Rome.
The aquaducts supplied Rome with freshwater.
The answer is A.1866. 1965 is the most famous one but 1866 was the first