The Franco-Prussian War (1870) was a conflict between the Second French Empire and Third French Republic, and the states of North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. It resulted in a German victory and it was a key part of the wars of Unification of Germany made specifically to building an integrated nation state from the former Empire. This ultimately set the precedents for Nazi Germany and World War II.
The fourteen points was a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace negotiation in order to end world war I
Britain, who was at the war with France again, would seize American ships and force Americans sailors to join the British Navy (impressment). The U.S. declared war on Britain in 1812 because Britain refused to stop seizing American ships that traded with France.