The first one, after the 4th crusade which saw the sacking of Constantinople by the crusaders who had been stranded there waiting for their payment from the emperor of the Byzantine empire, let's just say that the Byzantines weren't big fans of western Europe for a good while, but I could be wrong so wait for other answers :)
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Answer:
D. The Abbasid state was headed by a caliph who was theoretically the state's supreme religious and political leader.
Explanation:
Caliphs concentrated in their hands religious and political power. The Abbasid caliphs, who reproached their Umayyad predecessors for behaving like secular rulers, tried to outline their own approach to government in Islamic terms and, accordingly, to the extent that they managed, they tried to adhere to a religious orientation in politics.
Answer:
Patriots,” as they came to be known, were members of the 13 British colonies who rebelled against British control during the American Revolution, supporting instead the U.S. Continental Congress.
Because in 1867, Ulysses S. Grant charged Sheridan with pacifying the Great Plains, where warfare with Native Americans was wreaking havoc. In an effort to force the Plains people onto reservations, Sheridan used the same tactics he used in the Shenandoah Valley: he attacked several tribes in their winter quarters, and he promoted the widespread slaughter of American bison, their primary source of food.
