The correct answer is - the European colonization.
The coastal kingdoms of Africa were relatively well developed. They controlled the trade in this part of the world, and became very wealthy. Big portion of the wealth was also from selling slaves to the Europeans. But the tensions grew between the European colonial powers and the coastal kingdoms, and after few incidents where European convoys were destroyed, the Europeans attacked. The Europeans had professional soldiers and much better weapons, so they did not really had any troubles in defeating the locals. That marked the end of the coastal kingdoms, and the beginning of the European colonialism i that part of the world.
One of the reasons is corruption: Nigeria is unfortunately very corrupt. One estimate for example is that Nigeria lost 400 billion dollars to corruption during the time of being an independent state!
The correct answer is normative organizations. What this means is that you can choose whether or not to participate in them as everything's voluntary. They usually consist of people who support a cause and want things to change so they voluntarily join to help with moral or social issues.
Involve a right to the substance of being human life,liberty,happiness
