Answer: A mid-ocean ridge or mid-oceanic ridge is an underwater mountain range, formed by plate tectonics. This uplifting of the ocean floor occurs when convection currents rise in the mantle beneath the oceanic crust and create magma where two tectonic plates meet at a divergent boundary.
The answer is III, raising retirement age and building more schools will not affect this situation very much, while paid maternity leave will help raise the birth rate.