The easiest way to find the absolute value of a number is by ramoving the negative. For expressions like | 8-2 | the expression is solved and then the absolute is applied. A other way to see absolute values is by determining the distance the number is from 0. For example, a negative 5 would be farther away from 0 than a positive 3, so the absolute of 5 is greater than the absolute of 3.
The markup is 8%, meaning it costs 8% more. The starting price is 100%. Therefore, the markup is 108% of $12. If we multiply 12 by 108% (1.08), we will get our answer of $12.96