The rule of law is a principle established in ancient Greece that holds all people and organizations accountable to the same set of laws. In Athens, Greek citizens participated in government and voted directly on laws that all Athenians had to follow. But it was the Roman Republic that committed the idea to writing. The Romans created a written code of law that stated all free citizens had a right to the protection of the law — and everyone, no matter how powerful, had to follow the law.
This principle of rule of law influenced the government of the United States. The United States created the U.S. Constitution based on the rule of law. It establishes a transparent process accessible and equal to all. It ensures adherence to principles that both liberate and protect.
Separation of power is a modern democratic principle that was influenced by ancient Greek and Roman idea. This is because, during their era, they were able to practice something similar.
For example, the Romans had separation of powers where there is a Senate chamber who are the people's representative and helps to decides on the matters of the region, the Emperor who rules the people. And, lastly, the Priests and Priestess who intercedes for the country. (Serves as connection between the gods and the people in important aspect like going to war, famine or planting season)
