1. It was not possible for the Continental forces of the 13 colonies to have won the American Revolution against Britain without the military training and experience, funds, supplies, and troops provided by France, Spain, and Holland.
- Though the British forces were divided between facing the Americans and losing their sugar plantations in the West Indies, yet the troops from the 13 colonists would not have been enough to prosecute the war of Independence without foreign aid.
- The foreign supports from these three main European countries gingered the General Washington's armed forces. The European countries greatly gave moral boost to the fighting men.
2. The Great Compromise during the Constitutional Convention in 1787 enabled the representatives of the states to agree on a common formula for providing representation of the states at the federal government level.
- The Great Compromise, which is also known as the Connecticut Compromise, allowed each state to produce 2 senate representatives (equal representation) while agreeing that representation in the House of Representatives should be based on population.
- This compromise was reached when states with smaller population proposed equal representation of states at both houses. Then, following intense negotiations, an acceptable compromise was reached on how states should be represented in Congress.
3. The main arguments of the Federalists at the Constitutional Convention was that a strong central government was necessary to unite the states as a nation. They believed that the excesses of a strong central government will be counterbalanced by the doctrine of separation of powers, which created three arms of government.
- The Federalists also reasoned that the checks and balances in the Constitution will protect the rights of citizens. This line of reasoning was not readily accepted by the Anti-Federalists.
- The Anti-Federalists argued that a strong central government will not protect the rights of citizens. Therefore, they demanded that the Constitution should be balanced with the Bill of Rights.
Thus, both Federalists and Anti-Federalists were concerned with ensuring a workable government at the center.
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