Popular sovereignty is important to the republic at certain times but at certain times it may not be
If Congress decides to pass a law that increases minimum wage, this is an example of using an "implied" power, since it is not explicitly stated.
Answer:
Many Americans left farms and headed to the cities because the industrial revolution opened up many jobs in the cities. Also, the industrial revolution created more farm technology that allowed farmers to do the day's work with fewer people. This led to mass unemployment and peoples' dispersal into cities. This also caused cities to grow.
It established that Congress had the power to incorporate banks, and that maryland could not tax the banks.
I would assume probably cholera, does not sound like my cup of tea anyway!