Answer:
undermined, Congress was not able to punish the states that violated the civil rights of the African Americans.
Explanation:
The 15th amendment in the US constitution grated the right to vote for the African Americans. But the court said that the right to vote to the African Americans was not properly granted, it prohibited the exclusion from voting on racial grounds.
The Supreme Court undermined the 14th and 15th amendment as the court ruled that the Congress was not able to punish or force the states that violates the civil rights of the African American people. These amendments was made to rectify all the injustices made to the African American people which had resulted from the slavery period.
It is dark because Barnardo has trouble seeing the other guard.
This scene takes place at midnight and it is so dark Barnardo cannot see the other guard. Barnardo shows up for his shift, but he can't clearly make out who Francisco is. Francisco has the same problem because instead of answering Barnardo he tells him to identify himself first. They get it figured out and Barnardo begins his shift.
