The Nullification Crisis of 1832 centered around d) southern opposition to tariffs. "The Nullification Crisis was a sectional crisis in 1832-33, during the presidency of Andrew Jackson, which involved a confrontation between South Carolina and the federal government. The crisis ensued after South Carolina declared that the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional and therefore null and void within the sovereign boundaries of the state."
By the time the U.S. reached the west coast, <u>Russia </u>had already colonized the Alaska through their territories in far-east Asia, that gave them a natural claim upon the west coast, but it was very distant from the developed part of Russia and Alaska was difficult to settle, so the U.S. bought the Alaska territories from them in 1867.
