4) The antagonist is the society itself because the elders make decisions for the community but they themselves merely uphold a system put in place by their forebears.
5) The imporant peice of backstory from the Giver is the significance of memory to human life itself.
6) An early development in the plot is that he goes from being a faceless observer of his community's rules to a questioner and ultimately a deserter
The correct answer for the question that is being presented above is this one: "by helping readers relate to the species that depend on the reefs to survive." The author use logos to support the argument made in "Save the Coral Reefs” by helping readers relate to the species that depend on the reefs to survive