Question

In the following list, number the steps of wound healing after a soft tissue injury.

Answer 1

Tissue repair refers to the process of restoration of the tissue organization, as well as the recovery of its function, after an injury.  This process (tissue repair) occurs naturally in the damaged tissues after injury.

• The sequential steps for the tissue repair are as follow:

1. Platelets from torn vessels form a mesh-like clot that prevents blood loss.
2. Inflammation occurs in the area as tissue repair begins.
3. Mast cells release histamine that dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow to the repair site, further promoting clot formation.
4. Neutrophils and macrophages consume bacteria and remove damaged tissue and debris.
5. Fibroblasts build new tissue by secreting collagen that takes the shape of the original tissue.
6. The tissue created by fibroblasts matures and regains its normal function.

• Platelets are tiny blood cells that act as a healer of damaged tissues by forming clots capable of stopping bleeding.

• Inflammation in tissue repair is caused by the induction of chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines at the site of the injury.

• Mast cells act to enhance acute inflammation, promote angiogenesis and skin scarring.

• Neutrophils and macrophages are blood cells that phagocytose and kill harmful pathogenic microorganisms at the site of the injury.

• Fibroblasts act to break down the fibrin clot, helping to the healing process.

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