Question in unclear..but I would say chemicals/hazards..?
Answer:
Medina
The time period under the leadership of the Four Caliphs is called the Rashidun Caliphate by historians. The Rashidun Caliphate lasted for 30 years from 632 CE to 661 CE. It was followed by the Umayyad Caliphate. The city of Medina served as the first capital of the Caliphate.
Independence movements in Kenya: led by Jomo Kenyatta, violent Mau Mau rebellion led to independence
Independence movement in Ghana: led by Kwame Nkrumah
Both: were former British colonies and became independent after 1945. Ghana became independent in 1957 and Kenya in 1963. There was peaceful transition of power
