There are a good number of reasons why the British were able to do so, and in fact rule over India effectively for over a century.
Disunity among Indian princely states. India was more a collection of warring princely states, at loggerheads with each other. The British sucessfully used this to play off one state against another. Add to it there was no dearth of people willing to betray the kingdom for a few pieces of silver. Robert Clive succeeded at Plassey, because Mir Jaffar was willing to betray his master Siraj-Ud-Daulah in lie of being the Nawab. Mir Jaffar himself was betrayed by Mir Qasim later on.Tipu Sultan one of the most redoubtable fighters against the British rule, was finally defeated, as the Marathas, King of Mysore, Nizam of Hyderabad all joined hands with the British. Superiority over other colonial powers. The other colonial powers in India competing for the share of resources were France,Portugal,Denmark, Holland. Of the 4, Denmark and Holland could never really be serious competitors to the British, they had their own trading posts, scattered around, but were never a serious threat. Portugal focussed primarily on the Western coast, Goa, parts of Kerala, Karnataka, and this left the British with vast swathes of unoccupied territory. That left France as the major contender to Britian in the race for colonialism. The British Army was more well equipped, more professional, more disciplined compared to the French army, suffering from indiscipline and corruption. This made the British win key battles all over the East Coast, as they effectively grabbed control. Doctrine of Lapse. One of the most effective tactics, the British used to take over most of India. Instead of waging an all out war against some of the princely states, they signed a treaty with them, where in if the ruling king died without a heir, the East India company could take over that. And that is how Satara became one of the first states to end up under British rule. And that was also the main reason for the conflict in Jhansi. Subsidiary alliance was also an effective instrument. According to this alliance, the kingdom which signs the treaty will have to maintain the following rules:
The British agreed to maintain a permanent and fixed subsidiary force within the territory of their ally. In return, they didn't take money but took over a part of the territory of the ally. A British officer called "resident" was placed at the court of the ruler.{he could interfere in the internal matters of the kingdom} The ally could not maintain any relation with any other ruler without the approval of the British.{so,when the rulers wanted to revolt against the British they are alone.} The Indian rulers felt a false sense of security but in reality they were losing their independence. On the other hand the Britishers maintained large forces at the expenses of the Indian rulers and also increase their area of influence. Some states brought under control through this policy are Hyderabad, Tanjore, Awadh, etc. At the end of it all, the British had the advantage of better manpower, were militarily more powerful and stronger, and add to it they had some very canny strategists too. And the disunity among Indian princely states, their constant warring with each other, just added to the advantage.
Hi. I am not sure if there's more information about your post but I went ahead and research for more similar posts so I can better provide an answer. If you are referring to the passage from Chapter CXLVIII where it talks about the Indian Removal Act, here are my answers:
The research question that this document could help me answer would be:
Why did the United States government want to relocate the native Americans from their lands?
The document could help answer my question because it explains to why they are going to relocate the Natives. Here's the actual document that I found:
An Act to provide for an exchange of lands with the Indians residing in any of the states or territories, and for their removal west of the river Mississippi.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That is shall and may be lawful for the President of the United States to cause so much of any territory belonging to the United States, west of the river Mississippi, not included in any sate or organized territory and to which the Indian title has been extinguished, as he may judge necessary, to be divided into a suitable number of districts for the reception of such tribes or nations of Indians as may choose to exchange the lands where they now reside, and remove there; and to cause each of said districts to be so described by natural or artificial marks, as the easily distinguished from every other...
One of the main factors which contributed to the Stock Market Crash in 1929, when the very loose regulations related to margin orders.
In financial terms, margin in an instrument which consists on depositing a collateral with a counterparty (generally the broker) to cover some of the credit risk that the depositor places to that counterparty.
In the 1920s, the mandatory requirements regarding margins were not very strict, and brokers asked investors to put in a small fraction of their own money. Leverage rates which measure the proportion of debt, reached 90% with a high frequency. Nowadays, the Federal Reserve has established the limit of 50%.
Back in 1929, when the stock market started to contract, many investors received margin calls. They had to hand in more money to their brokers, because the amounts required before were not enough and if not, their shares would be sold. Many people did not have the extra margin amounts required, their shares were sold and the market declined further. This generated more margin calls and more declines. This is why margin calls were one of the causes which triggered the Stock Market Crisis and, in turn, the Great Depression in 1929.
The French War started in 1754 and ended in 1763 which made it last 9 full years. One of the Causes of this war was because English colonists ran out of land and not only that but the French and the English both claimed the Ohio River Valley. Now this war costed so much money as it payed for the soldiers and supplies such as weapons. The French lost a lot of land as Britain took over the Ohio River and other things that the French claimed, which lead to a lot of angry Native Americans. Then the Britain start moving into forts and made new taxes that people had to pay.
During World War II, Marshall was instrumental in preparing the U.S. Army and Army Air Forces for the invasion of the European continent. Marshall wrote the document that would become the central strategy for all Allied operations in Europe.
