AD was a dark age and a period of cultural decay and decline for Europe because there was barely a government, harsh punishments, ignorant people, not a lot of land, and there was a lot of killing and diseases going around Europe that cause Europe to decline in population.
Answer:
d
Explanation:
A good has positive externality if the benefits to third parties not involved in production is greater than the cost. an example of an activity that generates positive externality is research and development. Due to the high cost of R & D, they are usually under-produced. Government can encourage the production of activities that generate positive externality by granting subsidies.
A good has negative externality if the costs to third parties not involved in production is greater than the benefits. an example of an activity that generates negative externality is pollution. Pollution can be generated at little or no cost, so they are usually overproduced. Government can discourage the production of activities that generate negative externality by taxation. Taxation increases the cost of production and therefore discourages overproduction. Tax levied on externality is known as Pigouvian tax.
Government can regulate the amount of externality produced by placing an upper limit on the amount of negative externality permissible
Coase theorem has been proposed as a solution to externality. According to this theory, when there are conflicting property rights, bargaining between parties involved can lead to an efficient outcome only if the bargaining cost is low
Another solution to negative externality is through the activities of charities. Charities can raise donations to limit or regulate the activities of firms that constitutes a negative externality.
Answer:
Monetary Contribution
Explanation:
Parent-child relationship refers to the way the parents nurture the social, physiological, and psychological development of the children.
Monetary contribution implied that in order for parents to give love and care to the children, the children need to provide the parents with a certain amount of money in return.
The type of care and attention that parents give to their children tend to be voluntary. It's purely based on unconditional love and affection. This is why we don't consider monetary contribution as a factor that influence parent-child relationship.
Answer:
Slope = -1
Explanation:
Demand is buyers ability & willingness to buy at a price, time.
Demand Curve is graphical representation of quantity demanded at various prices at y axis, demand at x axis.
Slope = Change in Y i.e ∆Y / Change in X i.e ∆X
'Slope of Demand Curve' is a varied version of 'Price Elasticity of Demand' i.e quantity demanded responsiveness to change in price. Former shows relative change in quantity demanded over a change in price & latter shows change in price for a given change in quantity demanded.
Demand Curve Price at Y axis, Quantity at Axis, Slope= ∆Y/∆X becomes
= ∆P/∆Q. As per given details, ∆P/∆Q = (9-10)/(5-4) = -1/1 = -1
