The differences between a Prime Minister and a President differ from state to state. A country can have one or the other, or even both. A prime minister is the leader of legislature but must also answer to the legislature and could even be ousted from it. A President does not have to answer to the country's legislative body except in certain circumstances. In USA, the President is the head of the state, whereas in UK, it is the Prime Minister (they do have a Queen, but she is merely a symbol).
Answer:
I think it's C) "It creates tension by moving fron the slower pace of the description to the faster pace of Bob's dialogue, which suggests an uneasiness on Bob's part."
Because even though I only read this part of the passage just now, instead of the full story, I can tell the description of either character, wasn't too detailed. Not to mention the pacing did start out normally, but it felt as though Bob chimed in a little too quickly.
I hope this answer satisfies you. Also please let me know if it's right or not :)
The second one would be correct. The name(s) precede the page number.
Yes. Virtually anything can be the theme of an essay, as long as you can find enough information about it to write enough paragraphs to be considered an essay.