DNA and RNA do many steps such as translation, transcription, and more to form protein codons and code them into amino acids. Then, thousands of amino acids are oined together to make proteins, which regulate body function and catalyze chemical reactions (enzymes). Ribosomes are also involved in this action. To make proteins, nitrogen is needed for the plant to use, and that comes mainly from nitrate ions in the soil, and gets into the plant by active transport.
