Streak, color, luster, crystal structure.
A probe is a spacecraft that travels through space to collect science information. Probes send data back to Earth for scientists to study. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Moons of Mars, and Moons of Saturn.
I believe the answer you're looking for is temperature and precipitation.
Climate is based on the amount of rainfall (i.e. a rainforest) or the temperature (i.e. a tropical climate)
89 percent of the ocean would be sea ice