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The important point is that the surface area to the volume ratio gets smaller as the cell gets larger and as volume increases, surface area to volume ratio decreases. The larger a cell, the less easily it can get rid of waste and it also has more trouble getting water, nutrients and gases in. That is why we do not see giant cells. Instead we see multiple cells in larger organisms.
One way to increase surface area is to flatten the cell. That is why red blood cells are flat discs, instead of spheres. Another way is elongation. That is why many bacteria are rod shaped, and why neurons are elongated. In fact, the human body relies on the same principle to adapt to climate. Long tall and lean folks with long arms and legs live in East Africa, because such shapes increase surface area to get rid of excess body heat to avoid heat strokes. Europeans and Asians adapted to cold climates, in contrast, have shorter arms and legs and rounder torsos to minimize surface area. to conserve body heat.
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Although the rat liver is typically lobated2 and its ap- pearance does not resemble that of the human liver, the hepatic lobes of the rat liver have been found to be equivalent to the sectors of the human liver. As rats and humans belong to the class Mammalia, similar em- bryological development is expected.
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Explanation:
The family Ursidae contains the genus Ursus, which includes 4 species of bear, the brown bears, the polar bear and the two species of black bear.
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A chemical reaction is the process in which atoms present in the starting substances rearrange to give new chemical combinations present in the substances formed by the reaction. These starting substances of a chemical reaction are called the reactants, and the new substances that result are called the products.