Second president of the US was John Adams.
Jim Crow laws were any of the laws that enforced racial segregation in the American South between the end of Reconstruction in 1877 and the beginning of the civil rights movement in the 1950s.
Explanation:
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1. It depends a lot on the period. Let us take into account the immigration that occurred in the past centuries, especially in the beginning of immigration to America. At this point, one can indicate the reason for the absence of land, since industrialization in England and in the countries around it, began to dispossess the small landowners. Letter a).
2. Nativism is the idea that immigrants must "become Americanized" (in the case of the United States). This idea preaches that the culture of the other is abolished and that the immigrant receives a new cultural charge. It is a materialization of intolerance. Letter D).
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They gained lots of pain and suffering
