So if the vice president (president of the Senate) isn’t present, the president pro tempore (senator who’s been there the longest from the majority party) will take over.
Yes for neither Andrew Jackson or John Quincy Adams was victorious due to the electoral Votes.
The Cuban Missile Crisis began on October 16, 1962, was a direct and dangerous confrontation between the United States.
John Locke was influential to the Enlightenment as he thought beyond the norm of ideas and influenced classical Liberalism. Hope this helps! :)