The correct answer would be "They created a demand for Eastern goods." Think about it, after the Crusades, goods Eastern powers contained were high in demand. Specifically things like silk. spices, and tea. This also increased exploration because the the Ottoman Turks halted the commerce between Europe and the East. The reason why the voyage of Christopher Columbus was funded in the first place was so that a trade route around the Turks could be found. As we all know, he found something even better.
I take spanish and I'm in middle school I don't understand the question 100% but if you are needing translations you can go to spanishdictionary.com
Huizong United China as one nation
People flocked to the cities in the late 1800's because during this time factories were booming and there was more opportunity in the cities. Therefore the answer is B.