Counter current involves blood in the capillaries flowing in the opposite direction to the flow of water flowing over them. Gases diffuse faster from one area to another when the concentration difference between the two areas is at its greatest, as compared to when the concentration difference is low.
For mutations to affect an organism's descendants, they must: 1) occur in cells that produce the next generation, and 2) affect the hereditary material. Ultimately, the interplay between inherited mutations and environmental pressures generates diversity among species.
Insects (Insecta) are the most diverse of all animal groups. There are more species of insects that there are species of all other animals combined. Their numbers are nothing less than remarkable, both in terms of how many individual insects, as well as many species of insects that are. In fact, there are many insects that is not very known how to count them all, the best thing we can do is to make calculations.
Approximate scientists who can be as many as 30 million species of insects alive today. To date, they have identified over 1 million. At any time, the number of live insects on our planet is amazingly, some scientists estimate that for every human being alive today, there are 200 million insects.
The success of insects as a group is also reflected in the diversity of habitats in which they live. Insects are more numerous in the land such as deserts, forests and grassland environments. They are also numerous fresh water such as ponds, lakes, streams and wetlands habitats. Insects are relatively scarce in habitats marine, but are more common in the waters brackish, like marshes and mangrove
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Answer:
- Random dispersion occurs with dandelion and other plants that have wind-dispersed seeds that germinate wherever they happen to fall in a favorable environment.
- Clumped dispersion is seen in plants that drop their seeds straight to the ground, such as oak trees, or animals that live in groups, such as schools of fish or herds of elephants.
- Clumped dispersions may also result from habitat heterogeneity. If favorable conditions are localized, organisms will tend to clump around those, such as lions around a watering hole.
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