It made the state number even so there were an even number of slave states and non-slave states. It also abolished slave trade in Washington, d.c. becasue many people were angry about there being trading there.
That would be the Roman Catholic Church.
Both sides were Christian churches but the Eastern one based around Byzantium was Orthodox while the Western one based around Rome and Pope was the Roman Catholic church. They still exist today except that the Orthodox church is not unified by a single leader and countries that practice Orthodox Christianity each have their own religious leader.
The first people to arrive in America were Native Americans. They arrived about 13,000 years ago. However the first colonists arrived around 1607.
I can only answer some.
Christianity: the prophet was Jesus Christ, the holy book is the "holy bible", It has different holy buildings it's referred to as "church", or "cathedral" or "chapel" but there's Methodist, Baptist,etc. some important people was Isaiah, Moses, Luke, Jesus, Gabriel, etc.
Judaism: The holy book is called a Torah, one of the prophets was Moses (that's all i know about that religion)
Islam: Muhammad was the prophet of Islam chosen by Gabriel the angel, the holy book is called the "Quran", one of the holy buildings i know of is the Kaaba