The inner membrane of mitochondria contains many proteins, has no pores and is very selective; It contains many enzyme complexes and transmembrane transport systems, which are involved in translocation of molecules. This membrane forms invaginations or folds called mitochondrial ridges, which considerably enlarge the surface for affixing these enzymes. In most eukaryotes, the folds form flattened partitions perpendicular to the mitochondrial axis, but some protists have a tubular or discoid shape. In the composition of the inner membrane there is a great abundance of proteins (80%), which are, moreover, exclusive of this organ, namely:
1. The electron transport chain, consisting of four fixed enzyme complexes and two mobile electron transporters:
- Complex I or NADH dehydrogenase containing flavon mononucleotide (FMN).
- Complex II or succinate dehydrogenase. Complexes I and II give electrons to coenzyme Q or ubiquinone.
- Complex III or cytochrome bc1 that yields electrons to cytochrome c.
- Complex IV or cytochrome c oxidase that gives off electrons to O2 to produce two water molecules.
2- An enzymatic complex, the H + ATP synthetase channel that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP (oxidative phosphorylation).
3- Carrier proteins that allow ions and other molecules to pass through the membrane, such as fatty acids, pyruvic acid, ADP, ATP, O2 and water. The following mitochondrial transporters may be highlighted:
- Adenine translocase nucleotide. It is responsible for transporting to the mitochondrial matrix the cytosolic ADP formed during the energy consuming reactions and, in parallel, translocates to the cytosol the newly synthesized ATP during oxidative phosphorylation.
- Phosphate translocase. Cytosolic phosphate translocation together with the proton to the matrix; Phosphate is essential for phosphorizing ADP during oxidative phosphorization.
1 phenotype. That's because if they have 1 part red and 1 part purple only the purple part (allele) will be shown
Answer:
1.The cell membranes main trait is its selective permeability, which means that it allows more substances to cross it easily, but not others. small molecules that are nonpolar (have no charge) can cross the membrane easily through diffusion but ions (charged molecules) and larger molecules typically cannot.
2. The structure is called a lipid bilayer because it is composed of two layers of fat cells organized in two sheets. the lipid bilayer is typically about five nanometers thick and surrounds all cells providing the cell membrane structure.
3. Osmosis.osmosis is the movement of water across a membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.
4. Active transport. during active transport substances move against the concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. this process is active because it requires the use of energy (usually in the form of ATP). it is the opposite of passive transport.
Explanation:
Hope this helped Mark BRAINLIEST!!!
The above figure represents Ionic bond formed between Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) where, Sodium transfers its one electron to Chlorine in order to complete their Octets.
Correct choice - A. Ionic bond
Answer:
Water
Explanation:
Water is a renewable energy source used to generate electricity. A place where this happens at is dams.
