The theory that is demonstrated by this experiment is natural selection.
Basically, only the strongest bacteria survived, and nature decided which of those bacteria were fit enough to get to live and reproduce in the future. Those bacteria that were "willing" and able to fight their way through a huge number of bacteria were the ones who ultimately won.
All cells have a nucleus in the middle of it (Hope that helps)
Can overload the immune system, causing you to become sick, and open to sicknesses.
All living things are made up of cells. All non-living things are not.
A dill pickle is technically "living" since it was once growing as a plant. Therefore, the dill pickle has cells.
However, the rest of the items do not, as they are non-living things.