Explain the importance of proteins in our body

Identify the organelles in the cell to the right.

Tema [17]

Answer:

A Nucleus

B Lysosome

C Centriole

D Cytoplasm

E Cell membrane

F Mitochondria

Explanation:

5 0

4 years ago

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Growth and repair involve primarily what type of reactions?1. catabolic2. It depends on which body or cell part is growing or re

Rus_ich [418]

Answer:

Anabolic.

Explanation:

The metabolic reactions of the body are important to maintain the physiology and homeostasis of the body. Two main types of reaction in the body are catabolic reactions and anabolic reactions.

The anabolic reaction is the reactions that are involved in the formation of the large molecules from the simpler substances. The anabolic reactions are involved in the growth and repair process as complex protein and factors are required that can only be obtained by the anabolic reactions.

Thus, the correct answer is option (3).

4 0

3 years ago

Which of the following are NOT functions of the spinal cord?

maksim [4K]

Answer:

Reflexes are not a function of the spinal cord.

Explanation:

The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system and is made up of neurons that go along it (from the end of the brain stem almost to the bottom of the spine).

The spinal cord receives incoming messages from the peripheral nervous system (including the sensory neurons) and pass on messages from the brain to efferent neurons (motor neurons at muscles).

The spinal cord contributes to learning as it passes on the info received from sensory neurons (that there is an obstacle in the path) to the brain and passes on the response from the brain to the muscles (to lift the foot up higher).

The spinal cord is essential for integration as it passes on sensory information to the brain to determine motor output.

Reflexes are when sensory information is quickly sent straight to motor neurons to move. It does not need to go to the brain (hence does not need to go to the spinal cord) for the reaction as it would be too slow. This is seen when someone who is paraplegic (paralysed at lower torso) can still move their leg in response to the doctor tapping their knee even when they cannot forcibly move their legs.

Therefore reflexes are not a function of the spinal cord.

4 0

3 years ago

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Classify the following gas planets as terrestrial planets or gas giants

kkurt [141]

<h2>Answer:</h2><h3>Part 1.</h3><h3> Celestial body A is the largest planet in the solar system.</h3>

It is Jupiter which is a <u>Gas giants.</u>

Jupiter is mostly made of gas.

According to above statement, It is the Jupiter which largest planet in our solar system. Jupiter's mass is more than 300 times that of Earth, and its diameter, d, at 140,000 km.

<h3>Part 2. </h3><h3>Celestial body C has optimum conditions to sustain life.</h3>

It is earth which is a<u> terrestrial planet.</u>
Because it is mostly made of silicate rocks and minerals.

According to statement, earth is that planet because it has living optimum conditions. Like the oxygen concentration, water, plants etc.

Celestial body E has the most volcanoes in our solar system apart from earth. It is the second closest planet to the sun.

It is Venus and it is a<u> terrestrial planet.</u>

Venus orbits sun every 224.7 Earth days.

It has the longest rotation period of any planet and it rotates in opposite direction to most of the planets in the Solar System.

<h3>Part 4.</h3><h3>Celestial body H is the second largest planet in the solar system and has visible rings.</h3>

It is Saturn which is a <u>gas giant.</u>
Because it is mostly consists of gases and it also has ring of gases around itself.

it is 9.4 times as large as the Earth. It also has a large and bright ring system.

<h3>Part 5.</h3><h3>Celestial body D has 17 times more mass than earth and has gravity that is 1.14 times that of earth. </h3>

It is Neptune and it is a <u>gas giant</u>.
It has mostly gaseous composition, such as hydrogen and helium.

Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet of the Solar System. It is also the third most massive planet.

<h3>Part 6.</h3><h3>Celestial body G has a core that consists of iron sulfide mixed with nickel and is the second smallest planet in the solar system.</h3>

It is mars and it is a<u> terrestrial planet</u>.
Mars is the second smallest planet while mercury is first smallest planet after the exclusion of Pluto from solar system.

The surface of mars is covered by talcum powder type dust. It contains elements besides silicon and oxygen, are iron, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, and potassium.

<h3>Part 7.</h3><h3>Celestial body I had a core composed of nickel iron alloy rock surrounded by an outer layer of hot fluid. The fluid contains water, ammonia, and methane body I has 27 moons .</h3>

This is Uranus and it is a<u> gas giant</u>.
is the seventh planet of the Solar System.

According to radius, it is on third number and according to mass it is forth largest planet. Its composition is more similar to Neptune.

<h3 />

6 0

4 years ago

Explain the interaction that occurs between a t-helper lymphocyte and a b cell when the b cell is being induced to produce peanu

Paraphin [41]

Answer:

According to Dr. Ray Schiling (member of the American Academy of Anti-aging medicine) about 1.5 million people suffer from peanut allergies. The seeds of peanut (<em>Arachis hypogea</em>) contain an array of allergens that can induce the production of IgE specific antibodies predisposed individuals. Ara1 and Ara2 are most common seed storage protein that cause allergy. Other allergen proteins such as Ara3 to Ara 17 have also been identified that cause allergy.

Entry of peanut allergen into body

When peanut allergens enter the body of an individuals it leads to development of different symptoms like itchy skin, tingling sensation, nausea, runny nose and anaphylaxis.

Allergic response

There are two subsets of T-cells Th1 and Th2. Both invoke different response to allergens. Th1 direct a non-allergic response while Th2 direct allergic response ranging from releasing of histamine to anaphylactic response. The presence of IL-12 cytokines direct a Th1 based, nonspecific response.

Mechanism of allergic response (interaction between helper T cell and B cell)

Step 1.

When allergen enter to body they are encountered by B cells. Immunoglobulin receptors on the surface of B cells recognize antigen (Peanut allergens) and get attached, which are then internalized and processed. Within B cells the fragments of antigens combine with HLA class 2 proteins.

Step 2

HLA class 2 with antigen fragments (peanut allergens) then display on the surface of B cells.

Step 3

Receptors on the surface of helper T cells recognizes the complex of HLA class 2 and antigen fragments (peanut allergen) and is activated to produce cytokines, which activate the B cells.

Step 4

B cell is activated by cytokines and begins clonal expansion. Some of the progeny become anti-body producing plasma cells while other become memory B cells.

7 0

3 years ago