Answer:
Bottom-up Estimation
Explanation:
Bottom-up estimation is a type of project cost estimation that considers the cost of individual project activities and finally sums them up or finds the aggregates. The summation gives an idea of what the entire project will cost.
This is an effective way of estimating the cost of a project as it evaluates the costs on a wholistic basis. It also considers the tiniest details during the estimation process. The process moves from the simpler details to the more complicated details.
To solve this problem we will use the Froude number that relates the Forces of Inertia with the Forces of Gravity. There will be jump in the downstream only if Froude Number (Fr) is greater than 1 at upstream. Our values are given as,

Then the velocity would be:

The number of Froude is given as,

Where,
V = Velocity
g = Gravity
D = Diameter
Replacing we have that

There will be no Jump, correct answer is B.
Answer:
The velocities in points A and B are 1.9 and 7.63 m/s respectively. The Pressure at point B is 28 Kpa.
Explanation:
Assuming the fluid to be incompressible we can apply for the continuity equation for fluids:

Where A, V and Q are the areas, velocities and volume rate respectively. For section A and B the areas are:


Using the volume rate:


Assuming no losses, the energy equation for fluids can be written as:

Here P, V, p, z and g represent the pressure, velocities, height and gravity acceleration. Considering the zero height level at point A and solving for Pb:

Knowing the manometric pressure in point A of 70kPa, the height at point B of 1.5 meters, the density of water of 1000 kg/m^3 and the velocities calculated, the pressure at B results:



Answer:
=> The total numbers of cylinders on the engine.
=> Total number of lobes in the cam ring.
=> The direction at which the cam ring rotates.
Explanation:
A cam is a kind of ring and a device that is being used in engines. One or the main purpose of using cams in engines us because it helps in the change or transformation of the rotational movement of the engine to a translational one. Instead of using a cam ring, a cam roller can be used in place.
There are three things that can be used to to determine the speed of cam ring speed and they are given below as;
=> The total numbers of cylinders on the engine.
=> The Total number of lobes in the cam ring.
=> The direction at which the cam ring rotates.
Answer:
The lift coefficient is 0.3192 while that of the moment about the leading edge is-0.1306.
Explanation:
The Upper Surface Cp is given as

The Lower Surface Cp is given as

The difference of the Cp over the airfoil is given as

Now the Lift Coefficient is given as

Now the coefficient of moment about the leading edge is given as

So the lift coefficient is 0.3192 while that of the moment about the leading edge is-0.1306.