Answer:
The use of toxic chemicals as weapons dates back thousands of years, but the first large scale use of chemical weapons was during World War I.[1][2] They were primarily used to demoralize, injure, and kill entrenched defenders, against whom the indiscriminate and generally very slow-moving or static nature of gas clouds would be most effective. The types of weapons employed ranged from disabling chemicals, such as tear gas, to lethal agents like phosgene, chlorine, and mustard gas. This chemical warfare was a major component of the first global war and first total war of the 20th century. The killing capacity of gas was limited, with about ninety thousand fatalities from a total of 1.3 million casualties caused by gas attacks. Gas was unlike most other weapons of the period because it was possible to develop countermeasures, such as gas masks. In the later stages of the war, as the use of gas increased, its overall effectiveness diminished. The widespread use of these agents of chemical warfare, and wartime advances in the composition of high explosives, gave rise to an occasionally expressed view of World War I as "the chemist's war" and also the era where weapons of mass destruction were created.[3][4]
The use of poison gas by all major belligerents throughout World War I constituted war crimes as its use violated the 1899 Hague Declaration Concerning Asphyxiating Gases and the 1907 Hague Convention on Land Warfare, which prohibited the use of "poison or poisoned weapons" in warfare.[5][6] Widespread horror and public revulsion at the use of gas and its consequences led to far less use of chemical weapons by combatants during World War II.
Explanation:
Answer:
The correct answer is letter b: went through numerous boom-and-bust cycles.
Explanation:
Throughout the XVII and XVIII centuries the tobacco economy of the Chesapeake region experienced continuing cycles of prosperity and depression, the <em>“boom-and-bust”</em>. Tobacco at first dominated the economy, and in order to produce this commodity Virginia adopted slave labor; by 1700, the state was importing huge numbers of slaves to provide the labor required to plant and harvest the tobacco leaves, this way the plantations owners were able to increase their fortune by selling it to other countries. For long tobacco was a very used source of income; however this practice led to soil depletion, the removal of nutrients due to improper extractive practices. As a result the production dropped and the state suffered economically. The war also contributed to eliminate most of Virginia’s trading fleet, for example.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The nullification crisis was a conflict between the U.S. state of South Carolina and the federal government of the United States in 1832–33. ... Calhoun, who opposed the federal imposition of the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 and argued that the U.S. Constitution gave states the right to block the enforcement of a federal law.
Greek and Roman civilizations set the foundations for art, literature, and architecture for many civilizations to come, including the Byzantine Empire. To clarify, the Byzantine Empire was the remnants of the Roman Empire, which fell due to invasions from Germanic tribes from the north, who were pushed into Roman territory by the Huns. Because most of its people were Roman, the Byzantine Empire adopted many customs and art forms from the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire, in turn, was affected by Greek culture, when Alexander the Great took much of the land that the Roman Empire would come to be settled on as well as Greece. The combination of the cultures from the lands Alexander took and Greek culture was called Hellenistic culture, and most Roman beliefs and ideas came from this. This is evident in Roman gods, who are essentially the same as the gods in Greek mythology, save for different names.
To recap, the culture of the Byzantine Empire was largely based off of that of the Roman Empire, whose culture was largely based off of Greek culture.
Answer:
John Nash
Explanation:
Like most of the other Royal Parks, Regent's Park formed part of the vast chase appropriated by Henry VIII. Marylebone Park, as it was known, remained a royal chase until 1646. It was John Nash, architect to the crown and friend of the Prince Regent, who developed Ther Regent's Park as we know it today.
