Upwelling movement occurs when winds push surface water away from the ocean's shore and deeper water rises to fill the gap created.
During upwelling,<em> wind-displaced surface waters </em>are replaced by <em>cold, nutrient-rich water</em> that wells up from below the ocean's surface.
The upward movement of this deep, colder water is what is called upwelling which has the greatest direct effect on producers' growth.