Answer:
1. el cubismo
2. el expresionismo
3. el impresionismo
4. el surrealismo
5. el simbolismo
Explanation:
1. Cubism developed in France in 1905. <u>It ruptures with the idea of a single point of view.</u> It is characterized by the <em>decomposition of figures and the use of geometrical forms.</em>
The most representative author of the cubist period was the Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso. His most famous work is the <em>Guernica</em><em>, </em>a painting which represents <u>the horrors of war</u>.
2. Expressionism developed in Germany in the beginning of the XX century. It tends to give a <u>subjective representation of the reality</u> in order to transmit emotions and profound feelings.
Expressionists use <u>distorted forms and figures in order to cause anxiety and discomfort</u>. Expressionism's most famous artist was the Norwegian, Edvard Munch. The painting that marked the entire expressionist era was painted by Munch, <em>the Scream.</em>
3. Impressionism developed in Paris in the middle of the XIX century. As opposed to painting forms with concrete details, <u>impressionism tends to represent light and movements in order to capture a moment.</u>
Impressionism marked the beginning of modern art as <em>it ruptured with academic painting </em>and brought <em>innovation into art</em>. Its most appreciated artist was Claude Monet, the father of impressionism, announcing it with his painting - <em>Impression, the sunrise</em><em>.</em>
4. Surrealism developed in France during the decade of 1920. It wishes to <u>represent the unconscious and discover the psychological truth behind the reality.</u>
It was inspired by Freud's psychoanalysis, thus the surreal art's great <u>interest for dreams</u>, the best example of the<em> experience of the unconscious</em>. Surrealism's most acknowledged artist was Salvador Dali.
5. Symbolism developed in France and Belgium in the end of the XIX century. Its originality resides in the <u>content of the works and the possibility of a personal interpretation. </u>
Symbolism is considered to be the precursor of surrealism since the artists were deeply concerned with <em>seeing what cannot be seen and offering their visions to the public</em>. <u>They used everyday phenomena as symbols for the phenomena occurring in the unknown.</u>
