A score of 60 is 2 standard deviations below the mean (80 -2·10 = 60). The empirical rule tells you that 95% of the distribution is within 2 standard deviations of the mean. The remaining 5% is split evenly between those that are more than 2 SD above the mean and those that are more than 2 SD below the mean.
That tells you the percentage who failed is about 2.5%. The best answer choice is 2%.
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<em>Additional comment</em>
The empirical rule is a little bit sloppy, but it gets you in the ballpark. The actual percentage is closer to 2.275%.
From November to March, the temperature in Alaska is between 0°F/-18°C and -30°F/-35°C, which is very cold. May and September are both often the driest and the wettest months in Alaska's summer.
