Answer:
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Even though the author of Dorian Gray preached aestheticism as the ultimate goal of arts, his work does not converge to that conclusion.
Oscar Wilde, along with other artists belonging to the movement, claimed to believe art is done for art's sake. That, behind books, pictures and music, there shouldn't be a deeper meaning, a lesson to be taught and learned, any political positioning to defend or attack. Art was, thus, only supposed to be beautiful.
However, Wilde's character Dorian finds himself sinking in life for his lack of moral. Concerned only about his own youth and beauty, Dorian is incapable of loving and connecting to another human being. Consequently, everyone around him suffers and he becomes a dark and lonely soul, whose sins and real age are apparent in a picture of him painted by a friend.
Answer:
Shakespeare presents Lady Macbeth with a strong sense of ambition and greed which would have been expected more in a man when this was written, implying she is no longer a feminine character. The quote "Unsex me here" implies she doesn't want the gender bias that will come with being a ruler. She is openly rejecting femininity which would have been foreign to the audience watching the play at the time.
Furthermore, Lady Macbeth is presented as an evil being, associating with demons and the suoernatural. This would have terrified the audience as most people were very religious and superstitious. Likewise, the king at the time King James was obsessed with demonology and witchcraft. The play was written for the King, and this would have interested him. We see in the quote Come you spirits, tend on mortal thoughts" she is calling upon demons to help her in this crime and turn her pure with cruelty. This shows that Lady Macbeth is evil as Macbeth was approached by witches whereas his wife calls upon them.
In addition, Lady Macbeth is presented as a fem fatal - the female villain-. We see this in the quote "come to my womans breasts and take my milk for gall" this suggests she is rejecting the only thing that was seen as any value in a woman and replaces it with poison. Shakespeare is breaking the female stereotype of the Jackobean era, a woman had to be delicate, submissive and sweet whereas Lady Macbeth rebels against her expectations and becomes the most dangerous villain of the play.
