9. Write a two- to three-paragraph essay discussing the International Gothic art movement. (Hint: Artists from this movement include Robert Campin, the Van Eyck brothers, and Rogier van der Wedyen.)
International Gothic style is a form of decorative art, sculpture and painting of the latest medieval period. It was first introduced in the 14th and 15th century in Northern Italy, Burgundy and France. International Gothic style depicted post - modernism in the form of late medieval art. The Sienese School of art, influenced by the developing interest in Humanist ideals among Franciscan and Dominican friars, was the primary force in developing an innovative style of Gothic painting.
Artists and portable works, such as illuminated manuscripts, traveled widely around the continent, leading to a common aesthetic among the royalty and higher nobility and considerably reducing the variation in national styles among works produced for the courtly elites. The main influences came from northern France, the Netherlands, the Duchy of Burgundy, the Imperial court in Prague, and Italy. Royal marriages such as that between Richard II of England and Anne of Bohemia helped to spread the style between cultural centers.
10. Write a two- to three-paragraph essay discussing the effect of the French Revolution on European art.
The French Revolution upended the state-based system of educating and rewarding artists, but only for a time. During the Revolution, artists either participated in propagandizing the aims and ideals of the revolutionary cause or risked being denounced and imprisoned by zealots. With the revolution, French painting resumed its moral and political purpose and embraced the style known as neoclassicism.
Neoclassicism is a movement in architecture, design and the arts which was dominant in France between about 1760 to 1830. It emerged as a reaction to the frivolity and excessive ornament of the baroque and rococo styles. In architecture it featured sobriety, straight lines, and forms, such as the pediment and colonnade, based on Ancient Greek and Roman models. In painting it featured heroism and sacrifice in the time of the ancient Romans and Greeks. It began late in the reign of Louis XV, became dominant under Louis XVI, and continued through the French Revolution, the French Directory, and the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte, and the Bourbon Restoration until 1830, when it was gradually replaced as the dominant style by romanticism and eclecticism.
11. Write a two- or three-paragraph essay discussing the similarities and differences between Realism and realistic painting.
Realism in the artistic world basically symbolizes the depiction of objects as they exist. This school of art emerged in response to Neoclassicism and Romanticism in art. Romanticism was an intellectual artistic movement that influenced many artists during the seventeenth and the eighteenth century. It placed a great deal of importance to emotions, creativity and the imagination of the artist. The art was much more than the reflection of the Nature. Those who followed Romantic art tradition, used their imagination freely in the works of art.
Realistic arts, the accurate, detailed, unembellished depiction of nature or of contemporary life. Realism rejects imaginative idealization in favor of a close observation of outward appearances.
12. Write a two- or three-paragraph essay discussing the outside influences on the art of India.
Art has been present in India for millennia and has evolved through religious, cultural, and political change. Indian art forms consist of pottery, cave paintings, sculpture, and textiles influenced by Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Islam, and the cultural values of the Hellenists and the peoples of the Indus Valley. Religion from what I’ve learned influences a lot of different nations' art cultures.
With all of the different religions in India, there are very many different things that are influencing the artists there. Also, there are so many different types of art that aren't just paintings such as pottery and sculptures. The Religions also impact these a lot as well as the paintings in india.
