Question

Many single-gene disorders such as sickle-cell disease predispose people toward a major cause of vascular dementia known as

Answer 1

The major cause of vascular dementia is known as narrowing and blockage of the small blood vessels inside the brain.

Sickle-cell disease is a single gene disorder where by the mutations in the beta-globin gene leads to formation of deformed haemoglobin molecules called haemoglobin S.

The signs and symptoms found in sickle-cell disease is the sickling of the red blood cells which leads to:

• premature break down of red cells,
• anaemia
• yellowing of eyes and skin (signs of jaundice)
• Painful episodes can occur when sickled red blood cells, which are stiff and inflexible, get stuck in small blood vessels.

Vascular dementia is a type of dementia that leads to loss of memory.

Vascular dementia occurs in individuals with sickle-cell disease due to narrowing and blockage of the small blood vessels inside the brain by the sickled cells.

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