Situational irony - where actions or event has the opposite result from what is expected or intended. E.G. A plumber spends all day working on leaky faucets and comes home to find a pipe has hurt in his home
Verbal irony- where someone says the opposite of what they really mean or intend. E.G. On the way to school, the school bus gets a flat tire and the bus driver says, "Excellent! This day couldn't start off any better!"
Dramatic irony: occurs when the audience or tease of a text knows something that the character doesn't. E.G. The reader knows that a storm is coming but the children playing on the playground don't. Also, in Romeo and Juliet, we know that Juliet has faked her death but Romeo doesn't.
The purpose of a society's oral tradition is to teach lessons about important cultural values. Through stories you tell children how they should behave, and also tell them about their ancestors, etc.