If a substance is very sour and has a ph of 4, then you would expect the litmus paper to turn into the shade of red. A substance that is sour and has a pH level that is below 7 would indicate that the substance is an acid or has acidic properties. For an acidic solution, the litmus would be red in color. If a blue litmus paper is used, then it would turn into red while if a red litmus paper is used, then it would remain as red. There is also a general type of litmus paper where the color change range from violet to red. A litmus is widely used in distinguishing acid and bases. It can be used in liquid solutions and in gas mixtures. <span />
The central dogma of biology, or the mechanism of reading and expressing genes in all living things, can be expressed as follows: DNA->RNA-> proteins. True ... ribosome protein translation. In translation, _____ interprets the mRNA codon sequence.
<u>1</u><u>.</u><u>Antibiotic resistance is a consequence of evolution via natural selection. The antibiotic action is an environmental pressure; those bacteria which have a mutation allowing them to survive will live on to reproduce. They will then pass this trait to their offspring, which will be a fully resistant generation.</u>
<u>2</u><u>.</u><u> </u><u>Bacteria evolve quickly because they grow fast and can share genes. Helpful mutations spread quickly in bacteria.</u>
<u>3</u><u>.</u><u>Taking antibiotics too often or for the wrong reasons can change bacteria so much that antibiotics don't work against them. This is called bacterial resistance or antibiotic resistance</u>
<u>4</u><u>.</u><u> </u><u>Antibiotic resistance leads to higher medical costs, prolonged hospital stays, and increased mortality. The world urgently needs to change the way it prescribes and uses antibiotics.</u>
<u>I</u><u> </u><u>think</u><u> </u><u>so</u><u> </u>
As water molecules from plant leaves evaporate, they attract the water molecules that are still present in the plant, aiding in the movement of water from the roots up through the stems. The water in a plant is transported from the bottom to the top by the combined effects of transpiration and capillary action.
- Water molecules ascend up the cellulose tubes from the roots to the leaves because they tend to cling together (cohesion) and stick to the walls of tubes (adhesion). The water from the leaves then evaporates, aiding in the root system's ability to absorb additional water. We call this mechanism capillary action.
- Water and minerals travel upward from the roots through the xylem due to a negative water potential gradient created by the evaporation of mesophyll cells in the leaves. Small perforations between vessel elements must be made to reduce gas bubbles in the xylem since they can obstruct water flow in the plant.
Learn more about Xylem here:
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According to G.D Budhiraja in his book "The Natural Way of Healthy Aging," the ultimate wonder of cells is the egg cell.
The egg cells is considered to be the ultimate wonder of cells because of its potential to form another human being. Once fertilized, the egg cell multiplies and grows, and "seems to know" just the right timing for certain processes to occur within the embryo or fetus. It seems to know when certain hormones should be produced, when it should implant in the uterus, and when the hands, legs, feet, hair, and other parts of the embryo and fetus should grow.
