Try searching it up in google first
D. because the treaty had nothing to do with africans, neither independent nations in the west, and not all the alliances were in Europe
Each state already had people in them when it was born.
I don't think it should be taken at face value because those ways could be the main ways to earn money, but it could probably be the least reliable or successful ways. This sentence could just be a lie taken literaly in which has a hidden meaning. This could be a meaning that you might not get, in which will leave you ripped off.