Coenzymes
Coenzymes are small organic molecules that, themselves, do not function as catalysts (i.e. enzymes) but aid the latter in carrying out their functions. Enzymes are biological catalysts, which means that they allow reactions to occur at lower activation energies. In a way, enzymes help to "speed up" chemical reactions.
Coenzymes are mostly derived from vitamins. Examples include TPP from Vitamin B1 (thiamine), FAD from Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), and NAD+ from Niacin.
Answer:
SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh coronavirus strain known to infect humans and it causes respiratory disease in humans. These viruses infect humans and are currently causing a pandemic in the world.
A pathogen is an infectious organism that causes illness or disease to its host. There are many types of pathogens that infect the body of the host that disrupts the normal physiological process of an organism. SARS CoV2 is also a pathogen as it infects the human body and disrupts its physiology and causes disease.
The only disorder that cannot be represented using pedigree chart is sickle cell anemia. this because hemophilia, red-green color blindness, and duchenne muscular dystrophy are all X-linked traits. on the other hand sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive condition which cannot be represented in the pedigree chart since only sex linked traits are found this chart.
<u>levels of organization </u>
from the smallest units of life to the largest units of the environment :
organelles >>> cells >>> tissues >>> organs >>> organ systems >>> organisms >>> populations >>> communities >>> ecosystems >>> biosphere
Answer:
If an inhibitory synapse fires at the same time and at the same distance from the initial segment as an excitatory synapse of the same intensity there will be no changes in the potential in the firing zone.
Explanation:
Under normal conditions, the transmembrane potential depends on the ionic charges present in the intracellular and extracellular spaces. The extracellular space load is usually positive and in the cytoplasm is negative.
- <u>Depolarization</u> occurs by opening ion channels that allow sodium to enter the cell, making the intracellular space more positive.
- An opening of potassium channels releases this ion to the extracellular space, leading to <u>hyperpolarization</u>.
An excitatory synapse is one capable of depolarizing a cell and boosting the production of action potential, provided it is capable of reaching the threshold of said potential.
On the other hand, an inhibitory synapse is able to hyperpolarize the cell membrane and prevent an action potential from originating, so that they can inhibit the action of an excitatory synapse.
The interaction between two synapses, one excitatory and one inhibitory, -called synapse summation- will depend on the strength that each of them possesses. In this case, the intensity of both synapses being the same, there will be no changes in the membrane potential in the firing zone.
Learn more:
Excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials brainly.com/question/3521553
