Answer:
Developing countries greatly need to boost economic investment in order to spur growth, boost jobs, transfer advanced technologies, reduce poverty and increase their capacity to expand social welfare programmes. Towards this end, most have constructed and coordinated vigorous policies to attract new foreign direct investment (FDI) and India is no exception to this (OECD, 2002; Stiglitz, 2006; Rao and Dhar, 2011b). Transnational corporations (TNCs), the source of most FDI, are powerful actors in the global economy and they, in turn, try to get the best possible deals from governments who are desperate to host them. In such a charged economic and political environment, there is no guarantee that FDI will implant these desired assets (Nunnenkamp, 2002; OECD, 2002; 2008; Lipsey, 2003). Indeed, there is evidence to suggest that TNCs bring a great many risks, as well as benefits, including labour exploitation, corrupt practices, including bribery, and the ability to unduly influence policy outcomes and monopolise domestic markets (Madeley, 1999; Richter, 2001; Farnsworth, 2004). Thus, TNCs carry great risks, for the citizens, economies and local communities of host countries enticing FDI in the hopes of securing seriously needed development assistance. This thesis analyses the potential benefits and disadvantages of FDI to India and its citizens as reported by elite policy stakeholders. The research is based on qualitative interviews in New Delhi, India with 40 participants from NGOs, IGOs, and policy and research organisations that target economic and social development issues. In addition, it utilises documentary and policy analysis methods in order to investigate India’s investment and development strategy through the Indian investment bureaux. Through this analysis, the thesis reveals that FDI to India brings both benefits and disadvantages to its citizens and economy. India’s current growth model is catering to the middle class consumer and employment needs and in this regard, FDI has increased opportunities and brought advantages. However, FDI is not bringing much benefit for those in the lower social classes. What’s worse, it is attributed to socioeconomic ills such as widening inequalities, increased social tensions, land displacement and the transport of low levels of global value chains which are rife with poor working conditions and exploitation.
Answer:
a mid-ocean ridge
Explanation:
The landform expected to be formed along this margin is a typical mid-ocean ridge.
- A mid - oceanic ridge forms along the margins of a divergent zone.
- In this place, mafic and ultramafic magma are brought to the surface
- They cool and solidify in such environment.
- Iceland harnesses the geothermal energy from this diverging boundary to meet some of her energy needs.
Answer:
Al inicio del siglo XX, varias eran las naciones que se disputaban entre si el liderazgo económico mundial.
En Europa, naciones como Gran Bretaña, Austria-Hungría, Francia y Alemania se encontraban entre las más ricas del mundo. Especialmente importante eran las posiciones de Gran Bretaña, sustentada en su gran extensión imperial y la explotación mercantilista de sus colonias; y Francia, impulsada por sus colonias y su consolidado estatus hegemonía. Por otra parte, Austria-Hungría era una nación plenamente industrializada, conformada por los sectores mas pudientes de Europa Central, y con ambiciones imperialistas en los Balcanes que le garantizaban el acceso al mar y a recursos naturales de la región. Por último, Alemania, que se había unificado tras la guerra Franco-Prusiana, también había incurrido en un rápido proceso de industrialización, que moldeó una economía productora de manufacturas y altamente militarizada.
Adicionalmente, en el continente americano, el surgimiento de los Estados Unidos como una potencia tras el proceso expansivo en el Pacifico y el Caribe lo depositó como una nación productora de bienes industriales y basada en el comercio interoceánico con naciones como Gran Bretaña y Francia.
I think it might be c hope it helps
