Answer:
Volcanoes, burning fossil fuels, and respiration of organisms.
Explanation:
Volcanoes, burning fossil fuels, and respiration of organisms releases carbondioxide that forms atmospheric carbondioxide. The carbon enters in the biosphere through the process of photosynthesis. In plants, carbondioxide enters in the plant body which is used as a reactant from which food is prepared. The carbon present in the plant body in the form of glucose which can be transferred into another organism due to feeding of organisms. The organism released this carbon in the form of carbondioxide when the eaten food is broken down for the release of energy. In that way, carbon moves from biosphere to the atmosphere whereas Volcanoes and burning fossil fuels releases carbon in the atmosphere, in this way carbon moves from lithosphere to atmosphere.
There are four monoclonal antibodies (MAB) which specifically recognize double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) together with their use in new methods for detecting and characterizing dsRNA in unfractionated nucleic acid extracts. The specificity of the antibodies was analyzed using a panel of 27 different synthetic and naturally occurring nucleic acids. All four antibodies reacted in a highly specific manner with long dsRNA helices, irrespective of their sequence; no binding to single-stranded RNA homopolymers or to DNA or RNA-DNA hybrids were observed.
Monoclonal antibodies
A monoclonal antibody (mAb, more rarely called moAb) is an antibody made by cloning a unique white blood cell. All subsequent antibodies derived this way trace back to a unique parent cell.
Monoclonal antibodies can have monovalent affinity, binding only to the same epitope (the part of an antigen that is recognized by the antibody). In contrast, polyclonal antibodies bind to multiple epitopes and are usually made by several different antibody-secreting plasma cell lineages. Bispecific monoclonal antibodies can also be engineered, by increasing the therapeutic targets of one monoclonal antibody to two epitopes.
To learn about the monoclonal antibodies refer here:
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If they dont breed or die alot they will not reproduce and would possibly become extinct
Answers & explanation:
I - False
A sympatric speciation can occur commonly in both animals and plants. Sympatric speciation events are very common in plants because it is normal for them to develop multiple sets of chromosomes.
II - False
Sympatric speciation occurs without geographic variation. When two populations of the same species live in the same area but there is no crossing between populations, sympatric speciation occurs.
III - True
Sympatric species may indeed lead to the formation of new species. Sympatric speciation is believed to be responsible, for example, for the large number of cichlid fish species found in Lake Victoria on the African continent. According to research, this lake was colonized by only one ancestral species.
