The Zagros are a mountain range in Iran. Basically on the windward side of the range it'll be really wet and on the lee ward side it'll be dry probably even a desert. The warm moist air is forced up the mountain where the cooler temperatures at the top cause condensation so it rains. Dry on the other side. The main range in Turkey are called the Taurus mountains.
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The answer would be Clastic I think- I hope this helps you! :D
I think the common between low-latitude countries would be people's skin color and If you compare the Philippines and its neighboring countries, they have more or less similar physical attributes. Typical Filipinos looked similar with Indonesians.
For Southeast Asia, i would also consider religion is common between the two. Both the Philippines and the other Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, they have a large number of Muslim settlers while other tropical countries in South America, these countries have similar Spanish ancestry just like the Philippines.
The earths surface is heated by the Sun's rays which are directed at the equator 0° latitude. If there were sea currents the closer you got to the equator the hotter it will get and the further away you go from the equator the colder it will get. Thus ocean currents distribute the heat at the equator around the earths oceans to even out the difference in the heat zones, so that the equator is not a desert and the rest of the earth is an ice age.