On April 12, 1861, forces from the Confederate States of America attacked the United States military garrison at Fort Sumter, South Carolina. Less than two days later, the fort surrendered. No one was killed. The battle, however, started the Civil War, the bloodiest conflict in American history.
both movements were stalled by internal conflicts between different ethnic and religious groups. Independence movements in both India and Africa were also led by leaders who were able to exert political pressure necessary to win independence from the British. These include Gandhi and Nkrumah
