The correct answer to this open question is the following.
The opinion that the author expresses about a poor “countryman’s” place in Europe versus his place in America is that in Europe, the government and society do no take into consideration the poor people. The result of this attitude is that poor European people find it hard to call these countries their own, because of that indifference. In comparison, the author says that in the American colonies they have proper legislation and social systems that allow the creation of jobs for all Americans, so citizens feel protected and cherished by the government.
We are talking about the fictional publication called "Letters from an American Farmer," written by J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur.
A research paper is fact and nothing but the fact. A research paper is just giving information about a topic. However, rhetorical questions are used to persuade the reader to believe or agree with something, mainly in a discursive essay; but in a research paper, you aren't persuading, you are educating.
The correct answer is C. By showing that most students are not tardy because of doctor's appointments.
Explanation
A counterclaim is an argument that contradicts or opponents the main claim of an argument. In this case, the counterclaim is "Some residents believe that this is due to early morning doctor appointments" because these sentences oppose the idea of the author about making schools have starting time every day. Additionally, the author responds to the counterclaim by saying "Only eight percent of those students had medical excuses". So, the correct answer is C. By showing that most students are not tardy because of doctor appointments.